A backdoor is a security hole in a computer system.This allows unauthorised access without using normal authentication methods. Backdoors can be created intentionally or discovered by attackers.
π Types of backdoors
There are different types of backdoors, each with its own characteristics:
- Logical backdoors : These backdoors are integrated directly into the software code. They can be simple (a hidden password) or highly complex, requiring in-depth knowledge of the system.
- Hardware backdoors : These backdoors are physically integrated into the hardware, like a special chip. They are very difficult to detect and remove.
- Backdoors exploiting vulnerabilities : Hackers can exploit known or unknown security holes to create backdoors.
How backdoors work
Backdoors can be intentionally installed by developers for legitimate reasons, such as maintenance or technical support, but they are often exploited by cybercriminals to gain illicit access to systems.
Backdoors work by bypassing normal security protocols, allowing unauthorised access to data or control of the system. They can be built into the source code of software or introduced by hackers. malware such as Trojan horses or computer worms.
Examples of Backdoors
- Back Orifice was created in 1998 by hackers from the Cult of the Dead Cow group as a remote administration tool. It enabled remote control of Windows computers on a network, and parodied the name of Microsoft's BackOffice, an older set of server products for businesses.
- SolarWinds In 2020, an attack targeted SolarWinds, where hackers installed a backdoor in their Orion software, enabling several US government agencies to be spied on..
- Chinese routers some routers sold by China have been found to have built-in backdoors, allowing unauthorised access to networks using these devices.
π How to deal with backdoors
There are several steps you can take to protect yourself against backdoors:
- Use of anti-malware software these tools can detect and remove malicious software likely to install backdoors.
- System reset Although radical, this method can eliminate certain backdoors, unless they are built into the operating system..
- Changing passwords change default passwords regularly and use strong, unique passwords for each service.
- Multi-factor authentication (MFA): Activate this option to strengthen account security.
- Network monitoring using a firewall and monitor network activity to detect any suspicious activity.
- Making pentests Carrying out penetration tests by ethical hackers can reveal backdoors.
